Neutrons And Production Of Neutrons Of Various Energy

Neutrons are normally bound into an atomic nucleus, and do not exist free for long inrnnature. The unbound neutron has a half-life of just under 15 minutes. The release ofrnneutrons from the nucleus requires exceeding the binding energy of the neutron, which isrntypically 7-9 MeV for most isotopes. Neutron sources generate free neutrons by a varietyrnof nuclear reactions, including nuclear ssion and nuclear fusion. Whatever the source ofrnneutrons, they are released with energies of several MeV.rnNeutrons are found bounded inside a nucleus of an atom, almost all elements in pe-rnriodic table contains at least one neutron bounded inside their nucleus except ordinaryrnhydrogen atom which contains only one proton inside its nucleus. Free neutrons do notrnoccur naturally, so they have to be created arti cially. If one needs neutrons of di erentrnenergy for any purpose he should extract neutrons from the nucleus of certain element byrnimparting energy to it.The minimum energy needed by a nucleus to emit one neutron isrnnearly equal to the binding energy of a neutron, approximately around 7Mev. As neutralrnparticles with an average lifetime of 15 minutes they cannot be stored or accelerated likerncharged particles. Therefore neutrons have to be created with energies higher or equal ofrnthe intended treatment energy

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