Evaluation Of Taro Boloso-i Native (colocasia Esculenta Cultivar) Starch As Disintegrant And Its Pre-gelatinized Form As Direct Compression Diluent In Paracetamol Tablets

Taro Boloso-I is a new variety of Colocasia esculenta (L. Schott) officially released from ArekarnAgricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia. Its cultivation out yields 67% more than a previouslyrnreported variety (Godare) in Ethiopia. It contains 85.65 ± 0.07% of carbohydrate on dry basis andrnhigher gross energy than the existing cultivars of taro reflecting its difference from the preexistingrnvarieties of taro. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize the starch from this plant andrnevaluate its potential applications. It was also to evaluate the tablet disintegrant properties and directrncompressibility of the pre-gelatinized form using paracetamol as a model drug. Starch was extractedrnfrom the C. esculenta by using saline solution (0.1N) and sodium hydroxide (0.03 N). Variousrn13rnexperimental methods were applied for characterization of the starch. Central composite design wasrnused for optimization of the levels and hence the responses. Yield of starch from Taro Boloso-I on dryrnweight basis was 83.5 ± 1.6%. The native Taro Boloso-I starch (NTB1S) was characterized by lowerrnamylose to amylopectin ratio (20.7 ± 1.8% to 77.3 ± 2.1%, w/w) higher onset, peak and endsetrntemperatures of gelatinization than potato starch. Its granules were found to exhibit polyhedral/angularrnshape and A-type polymorphism comprising powder of poor flow. In all of these properties, TarornBoloso-I starch not only significantly differs from the previously reported taro varieties in Ethiopia butrnalso shares more of cereal starches (rice starch) than the tuber starches. Paracetamol tablet (350mg)rnprepared by wet granulation using NTB1S (9.80%) as disintegrant and compression force of 15kN hadrnhardness of 117.1 ± 4.93N, friability of 0.159 ± 0.02% and disintegration time of 1.31 ± 0.02 min. Thernhardness, friability and balance between binding and disintegration were better than potato starch, 58.1rn± 2.57 N, 1.01 ± 0.06% and 46.4 ± 4, respectively. Moreover, the tablets fulfill the disintegrant timernrequirements for fast dissolving tablets. The modified (optimized) Taro Boloso-I starch (PGTB1S) hasrncomparable flow property but higher compressibility and compactibility. If used as a disintegrant inrnparacetamol tablets, NTB1S can result not only in better hardness and friability than the correspondingrntablets with potato starch but also a kind of fast dissolving tablet. Also it was revealed that PGTB1Srncan be used as efficient direct compression diluent with magnesium stearate tolerance of 0.5%. Itsrndilution potential was also better than Starch 1500®.rnKey words: Starch, tablet, compression, gelatinization, disintegrant, Taro Boloso-I, Kawakita, Heckel

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