Evaluation Of Antidiabetic Antihyperlipidemic And Antiglycation Effect Of Moringa Stenopetala (baker F) Cufodontis Leaves

Background: Moringa stenopetala has been used in traditional health systems to treatrndiabetes mellitus. One of the successful methods to prevent onset of diabetes is to controlrnpostprandial hyperglycemia by inhibition of α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylasernactivities, resulting in the aggressive delay of the carbohydrate digestion of absorbablernmonosaccharides. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the extractrnof the leaves of Moringa stenopetala on glycation control, α-glucosidase, pancreatic α-rnamylase, pancreatic lipase, and pancreatic cholesterol esterase activities, and, thereforernfind out the relevance of the plant in controlling blood sugar and lipid levels.rnMethods: The dried leaves of Moringa stenopetala were extracted with hydroalcoholicrnsolvent and the resulting extract was dried using rotary vapor under reduced pressure.rnThe dried extracts were determined for the total phenolic compounds, flavonoid contentrnand condensed tannins content using Folin-Ciocateu’s reagent, AlCl3 and vanillin assay,rnrespectively. The dried extract of plant-based food was further quantified with respect tornintestinal α-glucosidase (maltase and sucrase) inhibition and pancreatic α-amylaserninhibition by glucose oxidase method and dinitrosalicylic (DNS) reagent, respectively.rnAqueous ethanol and n-butanol fraction of Moringa stenopetala leaves (500mg/kg bodyrnweight) and metformin (150 mg/kg body weight) were administered to diabetic rats.rnBlood glucose, lipid profiles, liver and kidney function were examined after 14 days ofrnexperiment. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2, 2′- diphenyl-1-rnpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Antiglycation activity was determined using inhibition ofrnformation of advanced glycation end products (AGE), level of Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysinern(CML), the level of fructosamine, and the formation of amyloid cross β-structure inrnbovine serum albumin after incubation with fructose. The protein oxidation wasrnexamined using the level of protein carbonyl content and thiol group.rnResults The present phytochemical analysis indicated that the flavonoid, total phenol,rnand condensed tannin contents in the extract were 71.73±2.48 mg quercetin equivalent/grnof crude extract, 79.81±2.85 mg of gallic acid equivalent/ g of crude extract, 8.82±0.77rnmg catechin equivalent/g of crude extract, respectively. The extract inhibited intestinalrnsucrase more than intestinal maltase with IC50 value of 1.47±0.19 mg/ml. It also slightlyrninhibited pancreatic α-amylase, pancreatic lipase and pancreatic cholesterol esterase. Oralrnadministration of aqueous ethanol and n-butanol extract of Moringa stenopetala leavesrn(500 mg/kg body weight) and metformin (150mg/Kg) significantly reduced bloodrnglucose level (P

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