Poor adherence to treatment of chronic diseases is a worldwide problem of strikingrnmagnitude. Adherence to long-term therapy for chronic illnesses in developed countriesrnaverages 50%. In developing countries, the rates are even lower given the paucity ofrnhealth resources and inequities in access to health care. Poor adherence to recognizedrnstandards of diabetes care is the principal cause of development of complications ofrndiabetes and their associated individual, societal and economic costs. Information onrnadherence to antidiabetic medications and glycemic control among Type 2 diabetesrnpatients in Ethiopia is scanty. This study therefore sought to assess antidiabeticrnmedication adherence and glycemic control among 322 ambulatory patients with Type 2rndiabetes mellitus attending at the diabetic clinic of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospitalrn(TASH). The study was a two phase, cross-sectional study conducted between 1 May-30rnJune 2014. Assessment of adherence was performed based on patientsâ€™ response to thernvalidated four-item Morisky instrument and the most recent fasting blood sugar level wasrnused for glycemic control. Adherence rate to antidiabetic medications was found to bern66.8%. Younger age, increased number of prescribed medications and job type (being arnfarmer/daily laborer) were significantly associated with antidiabetic medication nonivrnadherence. Most of the patients missed their medications because of forgetfulness. On thernother hand, only 12.7% of patients attained adequate glycemic control. Male sex, youngerrnage, low educational status, regular alcohol intake, exercise and dietary non-adherencernwere observed to be significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Antidiabeticrnmedication adherence appeared to be positively associated with glycemic control (COR=rn1.23, 95% CI: 0.6-2.5). Taken together, the findings indicated that adherence tornantidiabetic drugs was suboptimal and glycemic control was poor, which warrants thernneed for health care providers engaged in diabetic care to aggressively address the issue.rnKey words: Antidiabetic Medications, Adherence, Type 2 Diabetes, Glycemic control,rnFasting Blood Glucose