Relationship Between Wild Rice Species Of Ethiopia With Cultivated Rice Based On Issr Marker

Three wild rice populations of Ethiopia (one from Gambella and two from Gonder) andrnthree cultivated rice populations (O. sativa from Gonder, O. glaberrima from WestrnAfrica and NERICA rice (NERICA-3; cultivar developed through interspecificrnhybridization between O. sativa and O. glaberrima), from Gonder) were studied. Interrnsimple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as a molecular marker was used to assess geneticrndiversity both within and between species using six ISSR primers, where four of themrnwere dinucleotides and two tetranucleotides primers. A total of 93 clear and reproduciblernbands were amplified from the six ISSR primers. Both UPGMA and neighbor joiningrntrees were constructed for each individual and population using Jaccard’s similarityrncoefficient of ‘0’ absent and ‘1’ present data. The trees clearly indicated six distinctrngroups which are based on populations of origin. The PCO analysis also recovered thernUPGMA and neighbor joining trees groups, although wild Gonder-1 intermixed withrnwild Gonder-2. O .glaberrima, O. sativa and NERICA-3 clustered as a major group whilernO. barthii and O. longistaminata were clustered as the second major group. Suchrnclustering of O. glaberrima with O. sativa and NERICA-3 is considered to be due torngenetic admixture of O. glaberrima with O. sativa. The genetic diversity result generallyrnindicated that wild rice populations were found to have higher gene diversity (0.14) thanrncultivated rice populations. The over all gene diversity and percent polymorphisms werernfound to be higher in wild rice than in cultivars (0.11). The Shannon’s diversity indexrnalso confirmed the existence of higher diversity in wild rice populations of Ethiopia thanrncultivated species used in the present study. Furthermore, partitioning of the Shannon’srndiversity showed that the majority of the variations were observed among populationrn(63%). Similarly, AMOVA demonstrate highly significant (P=0.00) genetic differencesrnamong populations within groups, among groups (cultivated and wild) and withinrnpopulations. Of the total variation, 49.4% was attributable to among populations withinrngroups, 26.4% to among groups and the least, 24.2% to within populations.rnKey words: genetic diversity, wild rice populations, cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, Oryzarnglaberrima, NERICA, ISSR

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