The major objective of this study was to explore whether there is a significantrnvariation in knowledge of HIV/AIDS among rural and urban residents of Metemarnworeda. An attempt was also made to examine knowledge on HIV/AID in relation tornsome selected background characteristics: sex, age, marital status, educational levelrnand religion using percentage and Chi-square test. The dependent variables wererntested against independent variables sex, age, educational level marital status andrnreligion were used as useful variables for both sample areas separately.rnFour hundred seventy five randomly selected respondents participated in the study.rnData were collected using structured questionnaires.rnMisconceptions of the mode of HIV transmission were higher among ruralrnrespondents than among urban respondents (47%) of rural respondents(22 percent ofrnthe males 25 percent of the females) believed that HIV can be transmitted throughrnkissing whereas only (11.4 %) of urban respondents (5.5 percent of the males and 5.9rnpercent of the females believed that HIV can be transmitted by kissing.(85%) of ruralrnparticipants (Thirty five of the males and 50 percent of the females) mentioned thatrnHIV can be transmitted by mosquito bits whereas only (4.4%)of urban respondents)rn(2.4 percent of the males and 2.0 percent), of the females mentioned that HIV can berntransmitted by mosquito bites.rnTo see the clear awareness and knowledge variation between rural andrnurban head of households about HIV/AIDS, Chi-square test was carriedrnout. For the question†can AIDS be cured� “ Can a healthy lookingrnperson have HIV/AIDS� and “Have you ever used condom†the Chisquarernresult shows P< 0.001.rnThe study revealed that rural respondents had no easy access to condom. As a resultrnthey were the least user of it. Recommendations were forwarded that may enhancernknowledge of HIV/AIDS and bring about behavioral changes among the studyrnpopulation.rnEducational variation, exposure to mass media and place of residence are the majorrnfactors that contribute to the variation in knowledge about HIV/AIDS between ruralrnand urban head of households