Unintended pregnancy and births could have negative consequences for children, for theirrnparents, for their sibling and for the society as a whole. Regardless of the level of healthrncare access and use reducing the number of pregnancies will lower maternal death rates.rnA descriptive cross sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence and sociorndemographic determinants of unintended pregnancy and or childbirth in Harar town. Thernstudy was carried out in nine kebeles, from three keftegnas of the town.rnA multistage sampling technique was conducted to select a total of 1000 females ofrnreproductive age group (15-49 years) for interview. A structured questionnaire survey andrnfour-paired focus group discussion were used as the method of data collection.rnA total of 983 females aged 15-49 years randomly selected women responded to arnpretested structured questionnaire designed to illicit information concerning most recentrnunintended pregnancies, childbirth and induced abortions.rnFifty five point six percent of the respondents were currently married, 29.7 % neverrnmarried, 9.4 % were divorced/separated and the rest 5.3% were widowed. The mean agernat first marriage was 18.8(SD=4.5)rnThe majority of the respondents were found to have formal education. Knowledge ofrncontraceptive method showed 96.6 % of the respondents knew at least one method.rnAmong 785 sexually active women 326(41.5%) were reported to be current user ofrnmodern contraceptive method 195(33.7%) had ever used MC but 264(24.8%) amongrnviiirnsexually active women were non-users.rnThe occupational status indicated that 321(32.7 %) were employed including selfrnemployment 429(43.6%) were housewives, students constituted 127 (12.9%) and 106rn(10.8%) were unemployedrnTwo hundreds twenty-five out of 675 ever pregnant surveyed respondents (33.33%)rnreported that their most recent pregnancies were unintended. Of these, about half 112 outrnof 225 reported had unintended childbirth and the rest 113 ended in induced abortion. Thernprevalence of unintended childbirth constituted about 16.59 % while induced abortion wasrnfound to be nearly 16.74 %.rnAge at first marriage, marital status, education and number of pregnancies, respondentsrnage and economic status were found to be the key predictors of unintended pregnancy orrnitâ€™s measured outcomes: unintended births and induced abortions.rnSystem design and coherent strategy will be very important to meet unmet needs thatrnresult in unplanned and unwanted fertility both with respect to strengthen advocacy andrnincrease access of modern contraceptive methods through community distribution andrnother social organizations as well as empowerment of women which enables them to berndecision maker in their sexual and other aspects of life.