Review of literature revealed that there are a number of studies conducted to understand therncauses of food insecurity in Ethiopia (Furgasa, 2016). However, because of the generic nature ofrnthese studies, there is a perception that it makes it difficult to better understand the specific naturernof the situation in different pocket areas. This study aims to address the existing knowledge gaprnby exploring the causes of food insecurity and coping strategy among rural households inrnKimbibit Wereda, Oromia National Regional State, using a cross sectional household survey.rnStructured questionnaire, focus group discussions, and key informants interview were used torncollect data for the study. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) techniques werernemployed to classify the households into food insecure groups by further classifying mildly,rnmoderately, and severely food insecure. A total of 236 survey questionnaires were distributedrnand 234 were returned. The study revealed that among the survey participants, 56.8% ofrnhouseholds are severely food insecure. Accordingly, majority of the households are receivingrnfood aid from the productive safety net program. The finding further indicates that the generalrnfactors including agro-ecology, economic, socio-cultural, institution and policy are the majorrnfactors affecting food security in the study area. In an effort to assess the food security conditionrnin the wereda using Food Availability Decline (FAD) and Food Entitlement Decline (FED)rnmodels, it is concluded that food availability decline surely impacted the area as the production isrnhampered by the general factors mentioned above. The food market in the area offers some foodrnbut many of the households do not have the means to afford or access, which is a clearrndemonstration of a decline in entitlement. The study recommends that farming households bernsupported in terms of both short term and long term strategies to improve food production andrnsupply including provision of off-farm engagement firms in the area, diversifying livelihood,rnusing modern farming techniques and inputs to increase productivity.