Assessment Of Change In Nutritional Status And Its Clinical Outcomes Among Adult Patients In Mizan-tepi University Teaching Hospital Southwest Ethiopia A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Large proportions of patients in the hospital are malnourished. Around 30% torn50% of patients show the risk of malnutrition at admission and many of these patients experiencernfurther nutritional decline during a hospital stay. Malnutrition among hospitalized patients hasrnstrong clinical effects that are reflected by an increased risk of medical complications, increasedrnlength of stay and poor quality of life among adult patients.rnObjective: To examine the patterns of nutritional status over time in adult patients and itsrnassociation with the occurrence of complication and length of stay in hospital in Mizan-TepirnUniversity Teaching Hospital Southwest, Ethiopia 2020.rnMethods: Hospital-based prospective observational study involving 258 medical, surgical, andrngynecologic wards admitted adult patients, aged from 18-64 years was conducted in Mizan-TepirnUniversity teaching hospital from March 1, 2020 – May 30, 2020. Patient’s nutritional status wasrnassessed within 24 h using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) at admission and beforerndischarge. Chi-square and student t-test was used to identify the statistical difference betweenrngroups of nutrition change category and outcome variables. Logistic regression models werernused to identify the predictors of decline nutritional status. Statistical significance of 0.05 wasrnused in all hypothesis tests.rnResults: On admission, a total of 258 patients were included, of these 166 patients had stayedrngreater than five days in the hospital and measured both subjective global assessment (SGA) atrnadmission and discharge. The majority of participants were (66.9%) female. the median age wasrn45. The median length of stay in the study population was 10 days (8, 12). Around 75% werernmalnourished at admission (SGA B/C) and 61% were malnourished at discharge. Overall 31%rn(n=52) improved, and 19% (n=31) declined nutritionally from admission to discharge. Odds ofrnoccurrence of complications were significantly greater (OR=2.274, 95%CI, 1.052, 4.915) longerrnlength of stay (12 days) for declined in nutritionally as compared and well-nourished patients.rnConclusions: In our study, 19% of patients declined their nutritional status duringrnhospitalization. Indicating a need to monitor nutritional status before discharge andrnimplementation of appropriate nutrition interventions to improve patients’ clinical outcomes isrnmandatory in a clinical setting.

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