Dietary Practice And Its Effect On Gestational Weight Gain In Butajira Ethiopia 2019 A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Gestational weight gain is the amount of weight gained between conception andrnjust before the birth of the infant where trimester specific weight gain is the weight gained inrnbetween each trimester. Both excess and inadequate weight gain have short and long-termrnconsequences for both the mother and the fetus. Dietary practice is one of the maternal factorsrnthat is belived to affect gestational weight gain. Studies in Ethiopia indicate different dietaryrnpractice and mother’s reason for their action but its further effect on maternal and fetal outcomernis not well known. rnObjective: To assess the effect of dietary practice during pregnancy on gestational weight gainrnin Butajira. rnMethod: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 214 women who are living in Butajirarndistrict from Feb – Sep 2019. All pregnant women in their second trimester and with a single tonernpregnancy were recruited from the existing cohort (BUNMAP cohort) in the area. Information onrnsocio demographic and dietary practice was collected by face-to-face interview usingrnquestionnaire. Dietary intake and physical activity of pregnant women was assessed usingrnmultiple pass 24 hr recall method and global physical activity questionnaire respectively. Patientrnhealth questionnaire was used to assess depression. Anthropometric measurement of weight wasrnmeasured by trained data collectors with monthly follow up. Discriptive statistical tests andrnmultinomial logistic regression model was used to see the association between dietary practicernand Gestational Weight Gain. P-value less than 0.05 was considered to declare the association. rnResult: - 214 participants were involved in the study and 40 % had inadequate weight gain andrn51.5 % of women were found to practice decreased amount of food intake during theirrnpregnancy. Women with decreased amount of food intake had 2.16 times more risk to haverninadequate weight gain [ARR 2.16: 95% CI: 1.05 – 4.45] compared to those who have nornpractice in taking decreased amount of food. Risk of inadequate weight gain also increases withrnhigh physical activity [ARR 4.7: 95% CI: 1.85 – 11.8] and with inadequate energy intake [ARRrn3.8: 95% CI: 1.49 – 9.8]. rnConclusion and Recommendation: - This study found that decreased intake is practiced byrn51.5 % of women and more prevalently, women in the area have decreased energy intake wherernalso quite high inadequate weight gain was identified. Therefore, interventions focusing onrnbehavior change regarding pregnant women feeding practice and strategies to enhance energyrnintake of pregnant women aiming in optimum weight gain during pregnancy are needed.

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