Back ground: Knowledge of sexual behaviors among youth age 15-24 years is of particularrninterest because the period between sexual initiation and marriage is for many young people arntime of sexual experimentation that may involve high-risk behaviors. Research is urgentlyrnneeded to disaggregate data to the district level in order to identify hot spots and communities atrnhigher risk and to update information.rn Objective: To assess sexual risk behavior and condom use patterns among TVET collegernstudents in West Arsi zone, Oromia Region.rnMethods: A cross sectional survey was carried out at three TVET colleges (Shashemene, ArsirnNegelle and Dodola) from October 2010 to May 2011. To collect data, a pre-tested selfadministeredrnrnquestionnaire was used. To complement the findings, a qualitative study (FGD)rnwas also conducted. The association of independent variables with dependent variable wasrncomputed using logistic regression analysis at 0.05 level of significance and odds ratio with 95%rnCI.rnResults: Out of the 685 students, 318(46.40%) were found to have had sexual experience.rnThe mean age of sexual debut among those who were sexually active was 16.02Â±1.73 forrnboth sexes and the commonest reasons for starting sex were personal desire 215(67.61%)rnand peer pressure78 (24.52%). rnAmong those who had had sex during the previous 12 months, 19.5% (22.83% of malesrnand 14.93% of females) reported having had sex with more than one partner andrncommercial sex was reported by 29(9.10%). Consistent use of condoms during thernpreceding 12 months was reported by only 25.40% of respondents. Chewing Khat (AOR rn[95% CI] = 3.21 [1.83, 5.56]) and drinking alcohol (AOR [95% CI] = 2.04 [1.07, 3.78])rnwere associated with ever had sex.rnConclusion and RecommendationsrnFrom this study, it is possible to conclude that premarital sex, multiple sexual partners, sex withrncommercial partners, and inconsistent use of condom were the identified risky sexual behaviorsrnby TVET college students. Substance use mainly khat and alcohol significantly insisted studentsrnto risky sexual behavior. The risky sexual behaviors observed in the TVET college need thernclose attention of TVET collegeâ€™s anti HIV/AIDS club, TVET college itself and the regionalrnhealth office. VI