Hospital Based Prospective Cross Sectional Study On Doppler Ultrasound Finding Pattern Of Lower Extremities Peripheral Arterial Diseases In Patients Scanned At Chest And Vascular Unit Radiology Department Of Tikur Anbessa Spe
Introduction-Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an important global health problem andrnassociated with considerably high morbidity and mortality. It is a disease process resulting fromrnobstruction of large peripheral arteries, exclusive of the coronary and intracranial cerebrovascularrnsystem, commonly due to atherosclerosis. Imaging modalities for evaluating peripheral arterial diseasernin the lower extremities includes computed tomography angiography, conventional angiography, andrnDoppler ultrasonography. Doppler US is the only noninvasive technique that does not require contrastrnenhancement, preparation of the patient before the study, or radiation exposure [10, 11]. Doppler US is arngood method for screening and follow-up, as well as for the definitive diagnosis of peripheral arterialrndiseasernObjective- This study generally asses and describe the doppler ultrasound finding pattern of thernlower limb peripheral arterial disease with common indication of lower limb peripheral arterial dopplerrnultrasound in TASH and associated risk factors for the development of PAD.rnMethods and materials- This is a hospital based prospective study to assess the dopplerrnultrasound pattern of lower limb peripheral arterial disease on patients for whom unilateral or bilateralrnlower limb arterial doppler ultrasound done at TASH department of Radiology, Chest and Vascular unit.rnThe ultrasound was done by final year (R3) radiology residents of AAU.rnResult- There were a total of 78 patients involved in the study of whom 49 are male and the rest 29rnare female. The age of the patients ranges from 20 to 88 years old with mean age of 54±19. The mostrncommon indications for the study are peripheral arterial disease (PAD) followed by intermittentrnclaudication and arterial thrombosis. Regarding the risk factors the top three risk factors identified arerndiabetics, smoking and hypertension. Of the total patients 56(71.8%) of them have arterial lesions withrn43(76.8%) of them having multifocal lesions. 39(50%) of patients had intimal thickening and 39(50%)of patients had arterial plaque being 26(66.7%) of the plaque are multifocal. Arterial thrombus wasrnfound in 16(20.5%) of the patients of whom 10 (62.5%) are male and the rest 6(37.5%) are female.rn34(43.6%) of patients had arterial stenosis or total occlusion of which 21(61.8%) of them had totalrnocclusion followed by 20 -49% luminal narrowing and 50-99% luminal narrowing each representingrn9(26.5%) and 3(8.8%) of the patients with arterial stenosis.rnConclusion-In this study we found DM and cigarettes smoking are the significant risk factor forrnPAD and multifocal intimal thickening, hypoechoic plaque and total arterial occlusion are frequentlyrnseen arterial lesions on doppler ultrasound