This paper is aimed at examining the role of women in household food security. The content,rnhowever, is confined to the realities in three kebeles of Kersa Kondaltiti Woreda. KersarnKondaltiti is found in the West Sh ewa Zone of the Oromia Regional State. It is located 60 kmsrnsouth of Addis Ababa on the main road to BLitajira.rnResults of the study have revealed that women in the area participate actively both in crop andrnin livestock production. However, they are denied of ownership of productive assets (i.e. landrnand livestock), and the fruit of their labor. They have little power on the decision of the sellingrnand disposing of the income that is earned from the field crops and from the larger animalsrnexcept their products,such as butter. This has resulted in the women having less purchasingrnpower, which fiuÂ·ther affects their participation in the market and in the household's access tornfood.rnIn addition, it has been established that availability of women's labor is very essential tornhousehold food security in relation to the provision of processed food for consumption.rnBesides, fetching water, gathering fuel wood and grinding grain have been found to bernensuring factors for household food security. As a result, since most of women 's time is utilizedrnby these daily activities their involvement in other income generating activities is restrained.rnThe study has strongly established that the role of women in household food security is crucial,rnbut that under the curtailing conditions for women - - the key actors - the desired food securityrncould not be ensured.