Assessing The Effect Of Light Rail Transit In Travel Corridor Congestion (a Case Study On Addis Ababa Ethiopia North-south Corridor)

Transportation plays a vital role in almost all cities around the world because it provides accessrnfor people to employment, education, entertainment, health care, and other services. As developingrncapital city, the urbanization rate in Addis Ababa is increasing rapidly, which in turn increase’srndaily commuters, which leads to the necessity of alternative mode of transport, so currently lightrnrail transit has been implemented and found to be effective. Indeed, Light Rail Transit is anrneffective solution to deal with this problem. Light Rail Systems can be found in a variety of landrnuse context and can operate under a different type of right of way. However, there is an exceptionalrnpossibility for vehicle congestion which is traveling along the corridor. The vehicles in thisrncorridor are experiencing additional delays and travel time where there is at grade intersectionsrnand pedestrian crossings. rnThe primary objective of this thesis is to assess the effect of light rail transit on travel corridorrncongestion using a microscopic simulation model called VISSIM. Microscopic traffic simulationrnmodels have been playing an essential role in the evaluation of alternatives. To achieve highrnfidelity and credibility for the simulation model, calibration and validation of the model are thernmost important. This research presents a calibration and validation of the model by adjusting therncar following behavior. The first car following behavior input parameters adjusted is averagernstandstill distance, additive part of standstill distance, and multiplicative part of standstill distance.rnThe validity of the calibration model was also checked through error checking and statisticalrncomparison, it was found that the performance measures obtained by the simulation model werernrepresentative of the field condition. The result between the modeled values showed norndiscrepancy between the model simulation and field measure of performances. rnThe overall result indicates that the reduction of heavy vehicles, on-street parking restriction in thernstudy area has a significant effect on the performance-related measures against traffic (delay,rncapacity, queue length, and the number of stops) and emission (CO, NOx, VOC) and fuel use.rnAccording to Dunnett’s multiple comparison test introductions, an active transit signal priorityrn(ATSP) controller is found to be effective in improving performance measures.

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