Adoption of wheat chickpea double cropping is one of the measures presumed to enhancernproductivity and farm income given potential compatibility of the crops. Double croppingrnmaximizes benefit from same area and season in suiting twice harvest in a single season. Inrnlight of this premise, this study was initiated to analyze adoption status of wheat-chickpearndouble cropping, factors affecting the adoption and its impacts on yield and farm income ofrnfarming households s in Becho Woreda, South West Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.rnThe study used cross-sectional data collected from 203 smallholder farm households selectedrnthrough two-stage stratified random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics andrneconometric models were used to analyze the data. Probit model and propensity scorernmatching method (psmatch2) were employed to analyze determinant factors of the adoptionrnand the impact of adoption on yield and farm income, respectively. The binary probit modelrnresult indicated that sex of household head, farmer type (model or non-model), total tropicalrnlivestock unit (TLU), training on double cropping, access to improved seeds, access to broadrnbed maker(BBM) and access to fertilizer were significant factors affecting the likelihood ofrnadoption of wheat-chickpea double cropping positively and significantly. But, involvement inrnnon-farm income had negative and significant influence on the likelihood of adoption ofrnwheat-chickpea double cropping. The result of the psmatch2 estimation showed that adoptionrnof wheat-chickpea double cropping has significant impact on yield and farm income of therntreated households compared to the control groups. The result showed that, treated groupsrnharvested average wheat yield of 21.2 Q/ha ,while the control groups harvested averagernwheat yield of 14.2 Q/ha with a difference of 6.9Q/ha. In line with farm income, keepingrnother farm income constant for both the treated and controls; the treated households earnedrnaverage annual farm income of about 22,692 birr per year from sale of both wheat andrnchickpea as adopters while the control smallholders earned average farm income of 4128rnbirr from sale of wheat as non-adopters (mono-croppers) at statistically significant levelrn(t=3.46 for yield and 5.34 for farm income). The findings suggest that, Ministry ofrnagriculture (MoA) and its relevant stakeholders need to focus on promoting double croppingrnpractice as one feasible measure in Vertisol dominant areas so as to exhaust the opportunityrnfrom the cropping system. The promotion of the double cropping system need to be supportedrnby the provision of proper training on double cropping, better access to improved seeds,rnbetter access to efficient broad bed maker (AYBAR brand or better),efficient support inrnlivestock productivity, and better timely access to recommended fertilizer.rnKey words: Adoption, Determinant Factors, Double Cropping, Farm Income, Yield