The overall intent of this study is to explore and appraise the practical and legalrnimplications of the ban of Intercountry Adoption on the best interest of orphan and vulnerablernchildren in Ethiopia. The applied research design is a case study qualitative research approach.rnData has been collected from the review of relevant literatures, interview of two key informants,rnfive in-depth interview participants and an observation, conducted through a purposive samplingrnselection of the participants. After analysing the collected data thematically, the findings of thernstudy have revealed that the ban on the Intercountry adoption in Ethiopia has both a positive andrnnegative practical and legal implication on the best interest of the orphan and vulnerablernchildren. The identified positive implication of the ban on the orphan and vulnerable children ifrnproperly and adequately substituted by the domestic child care mechanisms in a way that servesrntheir best interest is, an opportunity to grow up in their own communities` culture and norms.rnHowever, the study has also revealed the negative implications of the ban on the psychology,rneconomy, health and wellbeing of the orphan and vulnerable children as well as its impact to therncommunity they live in. In addition, with regard to the legal implication of the ban on the orphanrnand vulnerable children, the findings of the study reveal that the absolute ban of Intercountryrnadoption in the absence of adequate and functional domestic alternatives that can provide for thernhighly orphan and vulnerable children with their needs, directly violates their special entitlementrnto an alternative child care through Intercountry adoption. The study implies that, an absoluternshut down of the Intercountry adoption in the process of laying the foundation of systematizedrnand efficient domestic childcare mechanisms is not in the best interest of the orphan andrnvulnerable children, rather a clear violation of their special entitlements for a better and safernliving atmosphere that guarantees their holistic development through the options of alternativernchildcare mechanism. Finally, based on the findings, the study recommends for the governmentrnto enact additional policies that could address the possible challenges of the Intercountryrnadoption, implement it in ways that can only and strictly operate to serve the best interest of thernorphan and vulnerable children as a last resort after all the domestic childcare mechanisms arernexhausted.