The purpose of this study was to examine gender differencesrnin mathematics achievement as a function of attitudes amongrn8th, 9th, loth, and 11th graders in Northern Shoa region. Arnquestionnaire, an attitude scale, and mathematics tests werernadministered to a random sample of 515 boys and 332 girlsrnfrom 5 randomly selected secondary schools. Analysis ofrnvariance, analysis o f covariance, and chi-square werernemployed on the data. The results indicated statisticallyrnsignificant differences (at . 01 level) between males andrnfemales in both mathematics achievement and attitudes amongrn9th, loth, and 11th graders. But at the 8th grade level, arnstatistically significant gender difference was found inrnmathematics achievement but not in attitudes. Allrnsignificant differences were in favor of males. Results ofrnthe analysis of covariance similarly indicated sUbstantialrngender differences in mathematics achievement at all gradernlevels. Also, peers, parents, and teachers tend to holdrnlower expectations for girls than for boys in mathematics.rnIt was concluded that the gender difference in mathematicsrnachievement was due not only to the gender difference inrnattitudes but due a lso to other variables which influence thernmathematics l earning of boys and girls differently.rnPr act i ca l impl i cation s of the findings are i ndicated .