This study has been conducted with the major arm of investigating the beliefs andrnpractices of traditional medicine in reproductive health care by emphasizing on ruralrnareas. The reproductive health issues covered in this study are: prenatal care, deliveryrncare, postnatal care, birth spacing service, abortion and STDs.rnIn order to investigate the beliefs and practices, this study has employed a crosssrnectional qualitative approach; and the data are collected by making use of in-depthrninterviews, FGDs and key -informant interviews. The study subjects were selectedrnpurposively with the help of health extension workers of each kebeles. Sixteen in-depthrninterviews with practitioners of traditional medicine; twenty-two and sixteen in-depthrninterviews with married and unmarried women in reproductive age, resp ectively; twornFGDs consis ting of seven participants and two consisting of six participants withrnmarried and unmarried women (two with each of them); key informant interviews withrnhealth extension workers, a midwife in Badessaa health center, two senior citizens whornare knowledgeable about the practice of reproductive health in the area, have beenrnconducted to collect the primary data.rnPrenatal care, delivery care, abortion serVlce and treatment of STDs are among thernmajor services that the rural women get from traditional medicine practitioners inrnrelation to reproductive health; whereas birth spacing/control and postnatal carernserVlces are among the services that are not as such significant. None of thernreprodu ctive health problems is believed to be caused by supernatural forcers). And thernpractice of traditional medicine is not accompanied by the belief that the issues shouldrnbe addressed by the practitioners because they are caused by the forces. Besides, it isrnwidely believed that the knowledge that the practitioners have is learned from theirrnparents, than being given by supernatural forcers).rnPractitioners known as TBA; TBA and wogesha; TBA and herbalist; TBA, herbalis t andrnwogesha; herbalist; and herbalist and wogesha are the practitioners who are engagedrnin provis ion of the reproductive health services. Traditional medicine and its practitionersrnhave decisive place in the provision of reproductive health services in the rural areas.