Basic Education is a foundation of all development endeavors and arnfundamental right of every member of a society. Providing basic educationrnfor all children the principal assets and future bases of a country is thernwisest investment. Ethiopia is one of those sub- Saharan African countriesrnwith the least participation of school age children in primary schools. Tornprovide basic education to all citizen and achieve universal primaryrneducation by the year 2015, the government has launched differentrnprograms i.e Non - formal and Alternative basic education.rnThe Alternative basic education program, thus, the program has served asrnan alternative approaches to complement the formal education program, sornthat it plays a great role in providing educational access for adults andrnchildren.rnTherefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the practice andrnchallenges of implementation of ABE in Arada sub city Addis Ababa Cityrnadministration. Based on the purpose of the study, the learningrnenvironment, the practice of the program, support for ABE programrnfacilitators in terms of training, the availability of curriculum materials andrnchallenges encountered were assessed . To this end, survey method wasrnused for the study. Data were gathered from officials, facilitators and adultrnlearners. Data collection tools were questionnaire, interview and focusrngroup discussion. The data gathered through questionnaire were analyzedrnusing appropriate statistical tools the percentage, mean, standardrndeviation and one way ANOVA. Whereas the data gathered throughrninterview and focus group discussion were transcribed, analyzed andrntriangulated with the quantitative data where necessary and appropriate.rnFindings of the study revealed that the practice of the ABE program haverncontributed a lot to providing, learning opportunity for adults and out-ofrnschool children. Addis Ababa Education bureau used one curriculum forrnboth adults and out- of school children, facilitators training, their salaryrnand the incentives provided were not sufficient, supervision andrnmonitoring and awareness creation for the stakeholder were found to bernlow, there were problems of text books and facilitators manual. Based onrnthe major findings certain recommendations were made. Addis Ababarneducation office should revise the ABE curriculum, supervision and followrnup should be strengthened, the community awareness should bernpromoted, facilitators should be provided with short- term up gradingrntraining, and fair incentives for facilitators should be in place to motivaternthem.