The purpose of thi study is to examine factors affecting the participation and performance ofrnfemales in Industrial/Construction field of study when compared to Business field of study.rnAfter investigating the occurrence of significant difference in the enrollment of the two sexesrnin indu tria/Icon truction stream, identifying affecting factors and recommending solutions isrnthe goal of the research. Two TVET colleges from Oromia regional state, namely AdamarnTVET College and Assela TVET College TVET colleges were selected for the study.rnComparative study was employed in the research process. Sample population was composedrnof trainees from indu triallconstruction and business streams, trainers & department heads asrnwell as deans, v/deans and vocational counselors of the two colleges.rnSampling was carried out through simple random, purposive and availability samplingrntechniques. Three set of questionnaires were prepared and administered for both groups ofrntrainees as well as for trainers and department heads. Besides, interview was conducted withrndeans, v/deans and vocational counselors. Enrollment and graduation document of the tworncolleges was analyzed. Data collected through different instruments was analyzed andrninterpreted using percentage, t-Test, and narrative approach.rnRegarding major findings, data from the enrollment document shows that there is wide genderrngap between male and female enrollment in industriallconstruction field of study. Concerningrnfemales ' success, they are low achievers in industriallconstruction area than in business area,rnwhen compared to their male counterparts. The reason is found to be mainly due to lack ofrnself-confidence. Among the main hindering factor for females' low participation inrnindustriallconstruction field of study, lack of guidance and counseling service, low GPA inrngrade 10 national exams and fear of unemployment are the leading barriers.rnIn general, social and cultural norms play determining role in the selection process offuturerncareer. High schools and TVET colleges are not well organized in establishing guidance andrncounseling service to direct students in selecting field of study. Due to lack of awareness andrnnegative attitude of the society towards females ' performance in industriallconstruction fields,rnfear of unemployment has become one of the main factors which blocks females fromrnparticipating in industriallconstruction fields. Based on major findings, strengtheningrnguidance and counseling service in high schools and in TVET colleges, taking considerationrnregarding GPA in grade 10 national exam as the only placement yard stick in different TVETrnfields promoting TVET widely and performing awareness creation in the society is highlyrnrecommended.