Design And Development Of A Solar Powered Cooling System To Harness Potable Water From Humid Air (a Case Study In Semi-arid Zones Of Ethiopia)

Thermal Engineering Project Topics

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Water shortage is very noticeable in semi-arid parts of Ethiopia where there is hardly anyrnfreshwater source at all. Currently, the most interesting method of getting sustainablernalternative potable water by harvesting humid from air is continuously under researchrnaround the globe. This study was to quantify water from humid air as one of alternativernsources using a solar energy prototype targeting semi-arid zone where predominantlyrnpastoralists are living. This paper presents collection of humid air as sand bed introducedrnto atmosphere at night and a solar thermal regenerative process during day time thenrnextract water from the system.rnThe main objective of this thesis is to design and manufacture the prototype. Thernexperimental setup consists of composite materials: calcium chloride and river sand asrnwell as the glass box enhancing of capturing moisture from air and facilitate regenerativernprocess. It is obvious that semi-arid has a hot temperature in day time, whereas sand bedrnis actually cooled at night. Hence, the two windows on the prototype introduce thernambient humid air to pass on the sand bed where the humidity will start adsorb. Whereasrnthe solar glass box is exposed to solar radiation and internal temperature become increasernwhere the evaporation and condensation has begun, the water drops will slide over therninner surface of solar glass and finally collected into the jar through the condensaterntrough.rnDue to weather climates similarity of Yabello and Adama, testing was done at WindrnFarm Electrical Station -1, Adama. The result of one day experiment showed thatrnmoisture was collect on the sand bed during night and evaporation also successfullyrncollected on the inner surface of the glass. Testing has been performed after goodrnpreparation at Adama wind farm Electric station-1for day and result shows that promisingrnbecause water condensation on inner surface noticed. But, the numerical result andrnexperimental result did not agree. Low production rate may be the consequence of airrnleakage, low of humidity amount in the air and low solar radiation intensity. Afterrnobserving the test result for the effectiveness of the prototype further modification isrnrecommended.

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Design And Development Of A Solar Powered Cooling System To Harness Potable Water From Humid Air

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