The main purpose of this stpudy was to investigate challe cnges and OPPOrLun it ics found inrnSouth West Shoa Zone to thc succc. s of UPE. To thi s cnd, desc rip tive surveyrnmethodology was cmployed. Both primary a nd secondary s ources were u sed to gatherrnrelevant data for the study. The dala coll ected from both sources were a nalyzed usingrnpercentage and mean. Primary data were coll ected from teachers, directors, OEBrnOffici als, Zonal and Wercdas Education offi cials, and Zonal Women Affair Offici alsrnusing in strum ents lik e qucs ti onnaires, interview and di scussion.rnTotally 279 respondents were sel ec ted Llsing availability and purposive samplingrntechniques invol ved in thi s study. Relevant documents from MOE, OEB and Zonal â€¢rnEducation offices were the major sources of secondary data. The finding of this researchrnind icated that since 2003/04 till 2006/07 the AIR, NIR, GER, NER are declining and arernbelow the national and region al average, which is a challenge to achieve UPE. Drop outrnis also found to be one of the problems of the education system in the Zone. The mainrn, constraints for this less participation in the PE were found to be socio-economic, socioculturalrnand school intrinsic factors .rnIn spite of this fact, ever increasing of the awareness of the communities towardsrneducation, the presence of commitments of all concerned bodies to UPE, the specialrnattention given to girl.s' education and administrative/institutional capacities are found tornbe the major opportunities available in the Zone to the success UPE in the Zone.rnTo tackle the problems mentioned ab