A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2013 to March 2014 to isolate and identify bacteria and virus from respiratory tracts of apparently healthy and ill ca-mels, evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates and assess risk factors for respiratory infections (Camelus dromedarius) in Borana zone of Oromia Re-gional State, Ethiopia. A total of 371 camels (175 from camels at field and 196 from ca-mels at Akaki abattoir were sampled. All of the field samples were nasal swabs; 35 of them were from camels with respiratory problems for isolation of virus. The abattoir samples include 196 nasal swabs, 196 tracheal swabs and 196 lung swabs for bacteriolog-ical isolation and identification. One hundred camel owners were also interviewed to identify risk factors of camel respiratory disease. 80% of field samples and 79.1% of ab-attoir samples yielded at least one type of bacteria. Of different respiratory organs sam-pled at abattoir, 90.3% of nasal, 78.1% of tracheal and 68.9% of lung swabs gave bacteria on culture. As the result, total of 274 isolates from 140 field samples and 817 isolates from 155 nasal swabs at abattoir were obtained. The Most frequently isolated pathogens from field samples were Pasteurella maltocida (22.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (21.7%), E.coli (20.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (14.3% ) and Mannhemia hemolytica (12.6%). Whereas, the abattoir samples result indicated that Streptococcus pyogens (24.0%), Sta-phylococcus aureus (21.4%) and Bacillus spp, (20.4%) from nasal swabs, Streptococcus pyogens (12.2%), and Pasteurellaa maltocida (11.2%) from tracheal swabs, and Pasteu-rellaa maltocida (15.3%), Mannhemia hemolytica(11.2%) and Streptococcus pyogens (15.3%) from lung swabs were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Isolation fre-quency of the bacteria was significantly associated with lung lesion (p