A study on the population status, distribution and feeding ecology of the Ethiopian wolf (Canisrnsimensis) was carried out in the Borena-Sayint National Park, Southern Ethiopia during October,rn2010 â€“ March, 2011 including wet and dry seasons. Distance sampling line-transect count methodrnwas used to estimate the population of Ethiopian wolf. A total of 29 and 34 wolves were countedrnduring wet and dry seasons, respectively. The sex ratio of adult male to adult female was 2.5:1.00.rnPack size changed seasonally. The sex structure of Ethiopian wolf was adult male 34.48%, adultrnfemale 13.79%, sub-adult males 27.59%, sub-adult females 13.79 % and young 10.34%. The agernratio of adult to young was 1:4.67 both during dry and wet seasons. There was no significantrndifference among the total population number, age and sex categories, and the pack size during dryrnand wet seasons (P > 0.05). The mean pack size was 3 Â± 0.25. The pack composition varied withrnseason, forming larger packs during the dry season. The occurrence of food items in the scatsrnsignificantly differed (P < 0.01). Rodents were the principal prey items with 69.2% frequency ofrnoccurrence. Grass blades and bird feathers also formed the diet components. Among livestock,rnremains of sheep were identified in few scats. Distribution and vegetation utilization of thernEthiopian wolf showed a marked preference for Lobelia-Hypericum habitats. However, there was arnseasonal change in the preference of habitat. The main threats of the Ethiopian wolves in the studyrnarea were grass collection, livestock grazing, encroachment and related environmental problems. Itrnis necessary to educate the local people and conservation issues of the Ethiopian wolf to enhancernthe coexistence of the Ethiopian wolf with human beings.rnKeywords: Ethiopian wolf, feeding ecology, habitat preference, population status, threat.