Germination Responses Early Growth Performances Uses And Community Perceptions Of Rhamnus Prinoides Lherit (rhamnaceae) At T.maychew Wereda Central Zone Tigray Regional State Ethiopia.

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Gesho is scientifically R. prinoides that belongs to genus Rhamnus, family Rhamnacae and orderrnRhamnales that grows at altitude ranges from 1400-3200 masl. The objective of the study was to assessrnberry germination responses of Rhamnus prinoides L’Herit (Rhamnaceae). The study also addressedrnfarmers’ perceptions about this economically useful plant. This is achieved by designing andrnadministering appropriate set of questionnaires to randomly selected respondents. The growth mediarnused were mixtures of red soil, animal dung and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1, respectively under shadernconditions. The study found that treated groups of seeds started germinating 20 days after planting thesernin the germination media, but the control group started after 22 days. Treated seeds yielded a finalrngermination of 84%, while the control seeds resulted in 60%. Seedling survival of the treated R.rnprinoides seeds was 84.5%, while the control group was 66.6%. The mean root collar diameter providedrn1.2 mm and 1.1 mm for plants derived from the treated seeds and the control seeds respectively. Meanrnvalue of height measured three times is 1.55cm, 3.05 cm 5.05 cm, and 1.5 cm 2.97 cm 4.85 cm for plantsrnderived from the treated and the control seeds, respectively. At the same time, mean number of leavesrn(2.2, 3.3, 6.1 and 2, 3, 5.2) respectively at treated group with significant value. Dry weights (0.045 g andrn0.032 g) for plants derived from the treated and control seeds, respectively, were significantly (p < 0.05)rndifferent from one another. Questionnaires presented to selected members of communities indicated thatrngesho plant is evergreen (with characteristically deep-green leaves), ecologically friendly andrneconomically useful. They affirmed that the species can resist the effect of termites and can be harvestedrnannually, if environmental conditions are favorable. However, the farmers lamented that this useful plantrnwas highly affected by exotic plants such as eucalypt trees, which have become all too common aroundrnhomesteads and smallholder backyard farms. Members of the communities (100%) said that R. prinoidesrnhas multipurpose uses, including its use for traditional beverages (tella, tej, areki), for medicine, as wellrnas for economic benefits. According to 87.5% of the respondents, gesho plants differ in their periods ofrnflowering and fruiting. Significant number of respondents (75%) said that, gesho plants can grow tornflowering within 2-3 years, provided that environmental conditions are favorable. These respondentsrnadded that flowering often occurs in June and July of anyone year. Quite a number of respondents (25%)rnsaid, the plant can flower continuously, thus producing berries that pass through different developmentalrnstages that range from immature green and red to mature, black (purple) stage, at which berries are eatenrnup by birds. This needs a great deal of care and patience is required for collecting ripe berries, since thernlatter are favorite foods for birds. Most respondents (65%) said, they collect ripened fruits and theyrnfollow correct steps but (35%) collect immature red from harvested leaves lead to an efficientrngermination. A significant percentage (77.5%) of the respondents explained that seedling establishmentrnaround homesteads is a challenge since it requires a constant supply of water. However, quite a numberrnof the same respondents (22.5%) emphasized the possibility of establishing gesho plants aroundrnhomesteads. The study also found out that it is not possible to make gesho leaf harvests more than twicerna year (70% of the respondents), while 30% of them claimed that more than two-times harvest per year isrnpossible if water and other inputs are available.

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Germination Responses Early Growth Performances Uses And Community Perceptions Of Rhamnus Prinoides Lherit (rhamnaceae) At T.maychew Wereda Central Zone Tigray Regional State Ethiopia.

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