Loan is an agreement between the render and leader in terms of monetary consideration to pay back either with interest in a specified period of time. Syndication in its own little definition has to deal with any financial institution that is assigned with the work of giving loans to the beneficiaries.

Now loan syndication, as a source of business financing in Nigeria has to do with the agreement between two or more lending financial institution to provide a borrower with a credit facility using common loan documentation.

In the country before any body has to invest in any capital project that acquires big amount of outlay. The cost of these investments have made it possible for one financial institution to finance such investment requiring such huge amount because he cannot foot the bill along. Loan syndication has become an attractive credit delivery technique aimed at spreading risks and redialing the impact of the restricting laws and regulation. There are problems also associated with loan syndication in Nigeria economy which include people argue that loan syndication is very expensive and involves much administrative work because the effective cost of capital exceeds the interest paid. Secondly, loan syndication is time consuming because of the documentation requirements.

In the area of problems there would also be some advantages incurred through loan syndication, loan syndication lowers the cost of capital to the firm because tax deductibility of interest payments. Also it saves the borrow palms of raising equivalent loan independently from different financial institution.

The repayment schedule is usually geared to the borrowers cash flow ability to service the debt. Also the borrower deals directly with the loan and can be tailored to the borrower need through direct negotiation.

In spite of many advantages of syndication loan financing, it is definitely not a business for the unprepared. A firm that wishes to borrow by these techniques must do its home work thoroughly.

Finally, given the limit development of the capital market and the preferences for loadable funds in form of bank credit, the practice of loan syndication is bound to become more popular in Nigeria and remain an important technique of credit delivery by financial institutions.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE II

APPROVAL PAGE III

DEDICATION IV

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT V

PROPOSAL VII

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION 1

1.3 STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES 4

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 5

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 6

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS 6

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW 8

2.1 LOAN SYNDICATION AS A SUBJECT9

2.2 EVALUATION OF LOAN SYNDICATION 10

2.3 LOAN SYNDICATION AS A LIQUIDITY SQUEEZE11

2.4 EVALUATION OF SYNDICATION LOAN FINANCING13

2.5 FORMS OF SYNDICATED CREDIT FINANCING16

2.6 ELIGIBILITY ISSUE IN LOAN SYNDICATION 17

2.7 PROCEDURE FOR SYNDICATED LOAN 17

REFERENCES 19

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 20

3.2 TYPE OF DATA USED 20

3.3 LOCATION DATA 20

3.4 SOURCES OF DATA 21

REFERENCES 23

CHAPTER FOUR

FINDINGS 24

4.1 INTRODUCTION AND STATISTICAL METHODS 25

4.2 FINDINGS OF SYNDICATED LOAN FINANCING

REFERENCES 27

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND

CONCLUSIONS

5.1 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS 28

5.2 CONCLUSION 29

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 30

BIBLIOGRAPHY 33

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

The relative insufficiency of funds for capital investment is a common factor in every economy especially in developing countries of the ward, like Nigeria.

Finding a solution to these problems of providing funds for capital investment has been a major pre-occupation of financial institutions in Nigeria one of the solution that come up is syndicated loan, which h is aimed at spreading risks and weakening the impact of restricting laws and regulations lending by financial institutions.

Loan syndication is basically defined as an agreement between two or more lending financial institution to provide a borrower with credit facility using common roan documentation.

The spectacular growth of Loan syndication as source of financial instruments for business organization occurred as response to several economic factors in Nigeria. Notable among these were:

- Restrictions on credit expansion of government and monitoring authorities to minimize.

- The scraping of import licence requires which enables more users of imported equipment and machineries to source and warning some into the country.

- Deregulation of interest rates made Loan syndication attractive to both business organization and financial institutions.

In addition there are/certain legal and regulatory limitations on lending activities of commercial and merchant banks such as the statutory lending limit as provided in banking Act of 1969 section 13 (1), the liquidity requirements etc.