This is a microcontroller based project that is aimed at developing and timing system that would be used to keep time as well as monitor events at set times. The design will cover the use of he following materials. Keys switches: These will be multiplexed for setting time and events. Buzzer: This will be used to generate alarm when an event time is up. This will alert the user. LCD: This is a display device that will be used to display the results of the system operations. Microcontroller: This is the main chip that will run the program. The model to be used is AT89552. Programming Language: The programming language to be used is Basic programming language.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of contents vi

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Objectives 2

1.3 Justification

1.4 Scope of the Project

1.5 Constraints

1.6 Project Report Organization

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 History of Clock

2.1.1 Sundials and other Devices

2.1.2 Water clocks

2.1.3 Early Clock

2.2 A new Mechanism

2.2.1 Early astronomical clocks

2.3 Later Developments

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 Specification

3.2 The Input Interface Design

3.2.1 Switches:

3.3 Microcontroller system

3.4.1 System Reset

3.4.2System Clock

3.4.3Memory

3.4.4Other Features of the Microcontroller

3.5 Control Program Design

3.6 Output Interface Design

3.7 Power Unit

3.8 System Block Diagram

3.9 Complete Circuit Diagram

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Hardware Implementation

4.2 Input Interface Implementation

4.3 Output Interface Implementation

4.4 Complete Circuit Power Implementation

CHAPTER FIVE

SYSTEM TESTING AND INTEGRATION

5.1 The Test Plan

5.2 Test Data, Expected Result versus Actual Test Result

5.2.1 The Power Supply Unit Testing

5.2.2 Input Interface Testing

5.2.3 Output Interface Testing

5.2.4 Complete System Testing

5.3 Performance Evaluation

5.4 System Packaging

5.5 Project Costing

5.5.1 The Costing of this Prototype

5.5.2 Unit Cost If Commercialized

5.6 Users Manual

CHAPTER SIX

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

6.1 Summary of Achievements

6.2 Problems Encountered and Solutions

6.3 Suggestions for Further Improvements

6.5 Conclusions

References

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

A clock is an instrument used for indicating and maintaining the time and passage thereof. The word clock is derived ultimately (via Dutch, Northern French, and Medieval Latin) from the Celtic words clagan and clocca meaning "bell". For horologists and other specialists the term clock continues to mean exclusively a device with a striking mechanism for announcing intervals of time acoustically, by ringing a bell, a set of chimes, or a gong. A silent instrument lacking such a mechanism has traditionally been known as a timepiece. In general usage today, however, a "clock" refers to any device for measuring and displaying the time which, unlike a watch, is not worn on the person.

In this project, I shall be designing a 24 – Hours digital clock using MSI.

1.7 Objectives

The objective of this project work is directed towards the following areas:

1. To design and implement a 24 – Hours Digital Clock using MSI

2. To be able to develop a complete clock that can be used for any other timing purposes.

1.8 Justification

If this prototype is fully developed will be very useful in many areas such as:

a. This system will serve as a prototype that will encourage local manufacturers to develop interest in microcontroller based designs

b. It can be a substitute for home and industrial use

c. It can be used by schools further research purposes.

1.9 Scope of the Project

This project will feature the design of digital clock using AT89S52 and program written in basic language. The output will be implemented using LCD. Push buttons will be used to implement the input.

1.10 Constraints

One the major constraint of this work was finance. Another like it was in availability of the required information.

1.6 Project Report Organization

This report is organized into six chapters. The first chapter takes care of introduction. Chapter two surveys the literature review of this work. In chapter three, the project analysis was done. The input, processing and output modules are critically analyzed.

In chapter four, system implementation was carefully done. Chapter five takes care of Testing and Implementation. Finally chapter six closes up with summary and conclusions.