BackgroundrnThe thyroid gland, located between C5 and T1 vertebrae, is a butterfly shaped endocrine glandrnwhich is divided into two lobes and connected by an isthmus [1]. Along with the breast, lung andrnbone marrow, thyroid gland is among the most sensitive organs for radiation due to their...
Background rnTrauma is a public health burden resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and disability for thernsurvivors. Musculoskeletal injury results in dramatic, destructing and life-threatening injuries.Ofrnthese pelvic fracture accounts approximately to 3% of the overall injuries and is...
An efficient transportation system is of vital importance for the development of a country. Inrnaddition, its multiple function of providing access to employment, social, health and educationrnservices makes road networks crucial in fighting against poverty by opening up more areas andrnstimulating...
Addis Ababa keeps expanding horizontally as a result of increase in wealth and population, therncity has faced some problems like congestion, poor access to work place, education, health andrnother services due to lack of properly planned urban transport and lack of improved transportrnmodes,...
Ethiopia, located in the Horn of Africa, is largely mountainous in topography. The Ethiopian landformrnis characterized by great diversity. There are flat-topped plateaus, high and rugged mountains, deep riverrngorges and rolling plains. Constructing surface road on such greatly undulating...
Light rail transit is a relatively new mode of transport for Ethiopia. Hence, rigorous researchrnneeds to be done in order to identify and work out flaws in the system. Most of the road-railrnintersections within Addis Ababa LRT corridors are built as grade separated intersections.rnHowever,...
According to the United Nations Overview of Addis Ababa City Solid WasternManagement System (2010), it is estimated that only 65% of the waste generated in therncity is collected, with the rest being deposited in open sites, drainage channels, andrnrivers. And also due to lack of awareness and...
A great number of problems persist in Addis Ababa traffic networks for its huge population. Thernhigh level of conflict between pedestrians and motor vehicles at intersections is one of the mostrnobvious. It is necessary to study the interaction mechanism of pedestrians and right-turn vehiclesrnin...
Currently, there are about 34 registered signalized intersections in Addis Ababa. As mostrnof developing countries the capacity and level of service for these facilities is measuredrnusing manuals adopted from overseas. Among the overseas manuals the Highway CapacityrnManual (HCM 2010) is the most...
Nowadays, traffic congestion, delay and unreliability are terms that are most associated with rnpresent day travel. Transport users expend their precious time on long traffic queues and at thernsame time, fuel emission of vehicles increases in congested traffic conditions. Because of this...
One of the traffic calming devices used in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia is a speed hump due to lowrncost and ease of installation. However, these speed humps are randomly placed withoutrnproper engineering studies and justification. Due to this, speed fluctuations and the excessiverndecelerations and...
Transport is one of the key necessities for the development of a country. In the contrary,rntransport sectors contribute in air pollution by exhausting harmful gaseous. Quantifying andrndetermining the road transport emission of vehicles is an essential step in pollution control andrnmanagement....
Transportation in today’s world is the backbone of development for many countries. This is true,rnespecially in urban cities. In fact, life is becoming impossible without transportation services.rnProvided all the positive outcomes transportation has to nations, it also impacts the...
Trade involves participation along the global using various logistic system. ProvidingrnEfficient logistic system is a suitable solution to solve problems in Trade Logistics whichrnCould be obstacles to the competitiveness of the country. In order to get the benefits ofrnthe globalization process,...
Road traffic crashes are a major public health problem worldwide, the number of annual roadrntraffic deaths has reached 1.35 million per year (WHO, 2018). Road traffic injuries are now thernleading killer of people aged 5-29 years. The main objective of this study is to investigate therneffect of...
In road construction, different kinds of filler materials are used. Among them the veryrncommon are stone dust, cement, lime, crushed concrete, flay ash and crushed glass fines.rnThese materials have their own drawbacks such as high cost and availability rnTherefore, the theme of this thesis is to...
Today, the increasing demand and scarcity of construction materials like cement forced mostrnresearchers around the globe to focus on finding ways of utilizing either industrial or agriculturalrnwastes/locally available materials as a source of raw materials and ecofriendly substitutes...
In Transportation, Signalized Intersections are an important nodes of traffic movement and thisrnnode are designed and their performance evaluated based on the adopted standards. In thisrnrespect, most of the parameters that are used for design and capacity evaluation of SignalizedrnIntersection...
Bus dwell time, which is the time needed for buses to board and alight passengers at busrnstops or stations and door opening and closing time, is one of the components bus travelrntime. Longer dwell times and variability of dwell times leads to an increase in total travelrntime thus passenger delay...
Integrating land use planning with transport developments is one of the major statements ofrnAddis Ababa city road transport policy. However, the existing literatures support that the currentrnpublic transport system is inefficient, ineffective and inaccessible because of lack of...